How to Start a Business in Maryland

Maryland Business Facts

Maryland is a state that ranks highly in almost every area including economy, education, quality of life and healthcare. With a strong core of research facilities, federal agencies, a thriving tech and science business base, an educated workforce and one of the highest median household incomes in the nation, Maryland has much to offer both business owners and employees.

Major Companies in Maryland

Maryland is the headquarters of numerous major companies including Johns Hopkins Medicine, Marriott International, Lockheed Martin and Black & Decker.

Startup Environment

Maryland offers an especially friendly startup environment for women, ranking second in the nation for having the most women-owned businesses and eighth for women-owned firms with paid employees. Maryland also ranks fourth in the Kauffman Index of Growth Entrepreneurship and the city of Baltimore was recently named by Entrepreneur Magazine as “the hottest startup city” in America.  

Step 1: Decide on a Business Structure

There are 3 basic options: a Corporation, LLC or DBA. Click here to learn more about business entities.

• A Corporation is a separate entity (provides liability protection to the owners) with a structure that includes shareholders, directors and officers. It’s more complex than a DBA but the entity of choice for large companies and startups that intend to raise funding. Some professions are required to choose what is known as a “Professional Corporation” or PC (doctors, lawyers, architects, etc.).
• An LLC or “Limited Liability Company” is a newer type of business that is both a separate entity and provides very easy management (doesn’t require directors or officers) and taxation. The LLC has largely replaced the DBA and Corporation in popularity recently as it provides liability protection but with much less complexity (and taxation) than a Corporation.
• A DBA or “Doing Business As” (also known as a “Fictitious Business Name” or FBN) is not really a separate structure, but just a different name that an individual or partners use as their business name.

Step 2: Choose a Business Name

Choosing a business name is easier said than done – many legal and business problems can arise from picking the wrong name (you can always change it later but the less times you have to do that the better). In Step 3 we’ll show you how to search for the name in Maryland, but we highly recommend you do the following before searching Maryland state databases:

• Make sure you’ve covered the basics: unique, easy to understand/pronounce (practice saying it out loud: “Thanks for calling XYZ”) and can survive over time (“DVD World” is not timely). Here are some of our tips on business identity including logo and trademarks.

• Search the web for your proposed name. Search Google, Bing and DuckDuckGo as a “first sweep” for any potential conflicts, especially in your state or local jurisdiction. NOTE: If you intend to operate nationally or even internationally it will be even more important that your name be unique. This should cover many cases where a company name is being used but not officially trademarked (see next tip).

• Do a trademark search with the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). This will be a very good indicator if your name will have any conflicts. There’s an art to trademark searches (trademark specialists will charge you handsomely to do a thorough search) but in our experience if you can use Google at a fairly advanced level you can reasonably clear a name yourself. Tip: search misspellings, plurals, variations of spelling, sound-alikes and other versions of your chosen name to be sure it’s not already registered.

• Make sure your company name choice is available by searching the Maryland Business Entity Database. NOTE: Make sure to search variations of spelling, plurals and misspellings as the state may reject a name that is too similar (then you have to start all over again, wasting valuable time).

NOTE: Familiarize yourself with the Maryland naming guidelines. LLC entity names need to contain the words Limited Liability Company or the abbreviation LLC, and certain words are restricted or prohibited.

Restrictions on Maryland Business Name & Business Purpose

• A company name shall include the correct corporate identifier: Corporations: “Corporation”, “Incorporated” or an abbreviation.
• A company name shall not contain the word “bank”, “trust”, “trustee” and shall not contain the words “insurer” or “insurance company” or any other words suggesting that it is in the business of issuing policies of insurance and assuming insurance risks.

Step 3: Register the Business

Each state has its own requirements for registering a business. Now that you’ve chosen a business structure and selected your business name, here are the requirements to register your business in Maryland.

How to form an LLC in Maryland

• File the “Articles of Organization” with the Maryland Department of Assessments & Taxation.
• Appoint a Registered Agent. A registered agent is required for every Maryland LLC.
• Once the articles are filed and approved you will then need to properly organize the LLC (this also applies to “1-person LLC’s”) by holding an “Organizational Meeting” which takes contributions from the members, issues Member Certificates, adopts the company Operating Agreement and more.

How to Incorporate in Maryland

• File the “Articles of Incorporation” with the Maryland Department of Assessments & Taxation.
• Choose a Registered Agent. A registered agent is required for every Maryland corporation.
• Hold an “Organizational Meeting” to determine the percentage of ownership for each shareholder as well as resolve to do tasks like open a company bank account, pay back pre-incorporation expenses, elect S-Corporation status and more.
• Corporations can elect S-Corporation status with the IRS by filing IRS Form 2553. Click here to learn more about S-Corporations.

NOTE: When registering a new company the Secretary of State can take several weeks to file the paperwork. You can expedite the process by hand delivering the documents directly to them or one of their field offices and paying an additional fee.

TIP: Check our order form to see how long Maryland is currently taking to process regular and expedited orders.

How to File a DBA in Maryland

• You can register your DBA on the Maryland Business Express portal with the Maryland Department of Assessments & Taxation.

Considerations when registering a Maryland business

• Hire a professional Registered Agent. Many people list their home or business address on the Articles of Organization or Incorporation. This can cause issues because it becomes public record (you’ll get lots of junk mail). A professional Registered Agent will provide their address and forward any important documents to you, this is also convenient if you have to move (you don’t have to file forms or pay fees, just update your address with your agent).

Ready to register a business in Maryland?

• We specialize in registering businesses in Maryland.

Step 4: Obtain your Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN or “EIN”)

Your EIN is like your Social Security Number for your company. It’s required for Corporations and LLC’s and optional for DBA’s (if you don’t have any employees, it’s required). However, if you are a DBA and don’t obtain an EIN you will be required to use your Social Security Number on many documents so it’s highly recommended that you obtain the EIN to prevent identity theft. You can apply online with the IRS or via IRS Form SS-4.

TIP: We can obtain your EIN for you if you we form your company.

Step 5: Open Company Accounts: Bank and Credit Cards

To keep business and personal expenses separate, you should open a separate account for your business. In addition, getting business credit cards is how you begin to build a company credit profile (corporation or LLC required) and can later qualify for larger loans and lines of credit. To open the account simply call your chosen bank and inquire on the steps to open a business bank account. Typically you’ll need a) your filed paperwork b) your EIN c) a company resolution authorizing your company to open the account (signed by the owners, members, officers or directors, etc.).

TIP: Our business formation service includes a free banking resolution for your use.

Step 6: Obtain Business Licenses and Permits

Now that you’ve registered your business name you may need to obtain a business license for your company – this authorizes your company to do business in your city or county depending on what kind of service your provide. Typically this also involves registering for state taxes and permits (the city may require them as part of the business licensing process).  

TIP: We work with a company that can obtain and prepare business licenses and permits for you. Click here to learn more.

Step 7: Annual and Ongoing Requirements

DBA: Your Fictitious Business Name should be valid for 5 years (unless you change your company name or other information listed on the FBN) at which point you’ll need to renew it with the Department of Assessments & Taxation.

LLC: Maryland LLCs are required to file an annual report every year by April 15. Maryland LLCs must also file a Personal Property Tax Return with their annual report if the business owns, leases or uses personal property located in Maryland.

Corporation: Maryland corporations are required to file an annual report by April 15 of every year. Maryland corporations are also required to file a Personal Property Tax Return with their annual report if the business owns, leases or uses personal property located in Maryland.

Important Maryland Contacts

Maryland Department of Assessments & Taxation
301 W. Preston St.
Baltimore, MD 21201
410-767-1184

Maryland Taxation Departments

• Maryland Tax Service Center

Maryland Labor and Employment Departments

• The Governor’s Workforce Development Board (GWDB)
• Division of Labor and Industry

Maryland Startup Resources

Small Business Administration (SBA) Maryland District Office

• Baltimore District Office

SCORE Maryland

• Southern Maryland SCORE
• Upper Shore
• Mid-Shore SCORE
• Greater Baltimore SCORE (Baltimore-Howard County)
• Frederick

Maryland Legal Statutes

• 2015 Maryland Code CORPORATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS – note this is the broad code that includes various other topics including corporations and associations.
• 2010 Maryland Code CORPORATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS TITLE 4A – LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ACT– the specific act that applies to Maryland LLC’s.
• 2013 Maryland Code BUSINESS OCCUPATIONS AND PROFESSIONS – this includes regulations on topics such as business occupations and professions.

Maryland Chamber of Commerce – The Maryland Chamber of Commerce connects business leaders and policymakers across the state.

Maryland Business Express – Maryland Business Express provides you with all the resources you need to start a business in Maryland.

Angel.co Maryland Startups

• A list of Maryland Startups and Maryland Angel Investors registered with Angel.co. Good research resource.

Maryland Business News

• Baltimore Business Journal
• MDBIZnews

Maryland Small Business Development Center (SBDC) – The Maryland Small Business Development Center (SBDC) offers FREE individualized consulting, from startups to established businesses.

Maryland Green Business Resources

• Maryland’s Green Business Certification Program
• Maryland Green Business Business Guide
• Maryland Green Registry